Insights
Insights & Business Guides for Egypt
Practical guides and advisory insights on Egyptian labor compliance, corporate structuring, HR policies, and operational development for founders.
Corporate Structuring & Governance
Corporate Demergers and Spin-offs in Egypt: Legal Framework, Procedures, and Strategic Separation
A comprehensive corporate advisory guide to total and partial demergers under Egyptian Companies Law No. 159/1981: asset valuation, creditor safeguards, and shareholder equity distribution.
9 min read
Corporate Structuring & Governance
Corporate Mergers in Egypt: Legal Mechanics of Absorption, Combination, and Post-Merger Integration
An executive advisory breakdown of corporate mergers under Egyptian Law 159/1981: Merger by Absorption vs. Merger by Combination, valuation standards, creditor notification, and commercial registration.
10 min read
Corporate Structuring & Governance
Modifying Corporate Legal Form in Egypt: Entity Conversion, Triggers, and GAFI Approvals
A strategic roadmap for converting corporate entity forms under Egyptian Companies Law No. 159/1981: converting partnerships to LLCs, LLCs to JSCs, handling partner quotas, and protecting creditor rights.
8 min read
Labor & Regulatory Compliance
Corporate Dissolution and Liquidation in Egypt: Statutory Procedures, Liquidator Duties, and Commercial Registry Deregistration
An authoritative guide to voluntary and judicial company liquidation in Egypt: liquidator appointment, privileged debt settlement hierarchy, and closing commercial registration.
10 min read
Corporate Structuring & Governance
Complete Guide to Types of Companies in Egypt: Sole Shareholder, LLC, JSC, and Partnerships Compared
A strategic comparison of all recognized commercial legal forms in Egypt under Companies Law No. 159/1981 and Investment Law No. 72/2017: capital rules, founder liability, governance burdens, and sector restrictions.
11 min read
Labor & Regulatory Compliance
Statutory Employee Leaves under Egyptian Labor Law: Annual, Casual, Sick, Maternity, and Cash Settlements
An exhaustive HR compliance breakdown of employee leave entitlements under Egyptian Labor Law No. 12/2003 and the New Labor Law No. 14/2025: quotas, medical benefits, and leave balance encashment rules.
10 min read
Labor & Regulatory Compliance
Overtime Calculation & Employee Dues under Egyptian Labor Law 2025: Formulas, Night Rates, and Compliance
A step-by-step corporate payroll guide to statutory working hours, day (+35%) and night (+70%) overtime formulas, and labor inspection compliance under Law No. 14/2025.
9 min read
Labor & Regulatory Compliance
End-of-Service Gratuity & Retirement Rights in Egypt: Calculation, Labor Law 2025, and Social Insurance
A comprehensive corporate advisory guide to end-of-service gratuity upon reaching age 60 under Labor Law No. 14/2025 and Social Insurance Law No. 148/2019: formulas, pension interactions, and legal settlements.
10 min read
Corporate Structuring & Governance
What Founders Should Decide and Write Down Before Problems Start: A Plain-Language Guide
A non-legal explainer of the conversations co-founders need to have: roles, ownership intentions, vesting as a concept, decision rights, money and exit. Use it to prepare, then have a qualified lawyer draft the binding document.
7 min read
Labor & Regulatory Compliance
The Complete Egyptian Labor Law Compliance Guide: How to Stay Audit-Ready
A practical, plain-language walkthrough of personnel files, social insurance filings, workforce obligations and internal regulations, so an inspection visit is a routine event rather than a crisis.
8 min read
Corporate Structuring & Governance
Structuring Your Business in Egypt: Limited Liability Company (LLC) vs. Joint Stock Company (JSC)
How to think about entity choice before you incorporate: capital, governance, share transfers, reporting burden and investor perception, and the questions to settle first.
8 min read
Operations & Process Development
The Founder's Guide to SOPs: How to Systematize Operations and Eliminate Founder Dependency
A practical method for writing procedures people actually use: the anatomy of a good SOP, ownership with RACI, the five flows to document first, tooling, and a 90-day review cycle.
8 min read
Operations & Process Development
A KPI Dashboard for Growing Companies: Choose 5 to 8 Numbers, Name Owners, Set a Rhythm
How to build a dashboard a small leadership team will actually use: selecting a handful of KPIs, defining each one, assigning owners, setting a review cadence and keeping the tool simple.
7 min read
Founder Strategy & Scaling
From Bottleneck to Operator: How to Move Decisions Off the Founder with a Delegation Matrix
A practical way to decide which decisions you keep, which you hand over, and how to make the handover stick: decision types, authority levels, a simple matrix, spending limits and a review rhythm.
7 min read